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Darrera modificació: 2011-10-30
Bases de dades: Sciència.cat
Lieberman, Víctor, "Charter state collapse in Southeast Asia (ca. 1250–1400) as a problem in regional and world history", The American Historical Review, 116/4 (2011), 937-963.
- Resum
- This essay confronts a question that has never been adequately addressed. Although all the principal states of mainland Southeast Asia disintegrated between approximately 1250 and 1400, historians have yet to consider why those polities, which had little contact with one another, collapsed in the same period. Even less can we explain why these disturbances coincided with severe political and social crises in Western Europe, Russia, China, and South Asia. Lieberman argues that these apparent coincidences reflected the manifold dislocating effects, in diverse local combinations, of two to three centuries of sustained demographic and commercial expansion, which in turn drew in part on the agriculturally propitious climatic phase of ca. 900–1250, known as the Medieval Climate Anomaly. In the late 13th and 14th centuries, in one Eurasian region after another, the shift from the Medieval Climate Anomaly to the far less beneficent Little Ice Age helped to aggravate mounting, but hitherto manageable, political and economic strains to the point of total rupture. Not only does this analysis demonstrate the advantages of crosscontinental perspectives in enriching local research, it also shows that as early as 1250 Eurasia was a reasonably coherent ecumene, not merely in terms of external linkages, but also of internal dynamics. By helping to identify influences and processes that transcended local context, the marginality of regions such as Southeast Asia—usually considered a barrier to inclusion in global history—thus becomes an asset to global analysis.
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- Història - Política
Història - Economia
Medicina - Pesta i altres malalties
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