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Darrera modificació: 2025-12-10
Bases de dades: Sciència.cat
Cifuentes i Comamala, Lluís - Ferragud, Carmel, "Joan Jacme, cirurgià de Jaume I i Pere el Gran, autor de la traducció catalana del "Kitāb al-ʿuyūn" (‘Llibre dels ulls') d'Alcoatí", Magnificat, 12 [= Vernacularitats en la ciència medieval i renaixentista: textos, creadors, professionals, Cifuentes i Comamala, Lluís; Ferragud, Carmel, eds.] (2025), 277-342.
- Resum
- The edition of the translation from Arabic into Catalan of Alcoatí's Kitāb al-ʿuyūn (‘Book of the Eyes'), published by Lluís Faraudo de Saint-Germain in 1933 as Libre de la figura del uyl (‘Book of the Figure of the Eye'), marked a very important milestone in the unearthing of old Catalan texts on medicine, science and technology. This and other outstanding editions from those years incorporated this part of Catalan heritage in the philological and historical discourse. Since 1933, the information supplied in Faraudo's introduction and the study by J. M. Simón de Guilleuma that accompanies it has been all that was known about this translation. According to the manuscript, the author was Joan Jacme, physician to an unidentified king of Aragon who purchased a copy of the work in Arabic and, it is understood, entrusted its translation to him. In 1933, the state of research meant that the translator was inevitably identified as the well-known professor from Montpellier of that name, recorded between 1363 and 1384, and in fact this was a very attractive prospect for researchers involved in the Noucentisme. Consequently, the monarch must have been Peter III the Ceremonious, and the translation and the manuscript – lost until recently – must have been from those years, a conclusion that was consolidated by the fact that this physician visited the king in Barcelona in 1378. However, recent research done by J.-L. Bosc has confirmed that the Latin translation of the work has a close relationship with the Catalan one and that Guy de Chauliac cited it in 1363. The Catalan translation must therefore have been done in a very incipient period of this Joan Jacme, during which he would have been a physician to the king of Aragon, without there being any documentary record of this (nor of how he could have had a command of Arabic). These are problems that have as yet not been resolved, but which obviously challenge those old conclusions. In this article we re-examine the entire question, thanks to the rediscovery of the manuscript, something that has enabled us to conduct a well-founded palaeographic analysis that dates it to the end of the first quarter of the fourteenth century. On the other hand, our current knowledge of primitive Catalan book scripta dates the translation to before 1320/1330. Finally, thanks to initiatives like MedCat, another Joan Jacme has been found. He was a surgeon to James I the Conqueror and Peter II the Great who was endowed by the kings with lands seized from the Muslims in the new kingdom of Valencia between 1271 and 1282 and was therefore in contact with the Arabic spoken in the territory. All of this makes it one of the oldest Catalan translations on the subject and places it in an even more important geographical, chronological and cultural context.
- Matèries
- Edició crítica
Català
Història de la medicina
Fonts
Medicina - Oftalmologia
Biografia
- URL
- https://turia.uv.es/index.php/MCLM/article/view/30840
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