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Darrera modificació: 2022-11-09
Bases de dades: Sciència.cat
Lindberg, David C., The Beginnings of Western Science: The European Scientific Tradition in Philosophical, Religious, and Institutional Context, Prehistory to A.D. 1450, Chicago - Londres, The University of Chicago Press, 2007, xvi + 488 pp.
- Resum
- When it was first published in 1992, "The Beginnings of Western Science" was lauded as the first successful attempt to present a unified account of both ancient and medieval science in a single volume. Chronicling the development of scientific ideas, practices, and institutions from pre-Socratic Greek philosophy to late-medieval scholasticism, David C. Lindberg surveyed the most important themes in the history of science, including developments in cosmology, astronomy, mechanics, optics, alchemy, natural history, and medicine. In addition, he offered an illuminating account of the transmission of Greek science to medieval Islam and subsequently to medieval Europe."The Beginnings of Western Science" was, and remains, a landmark in the history of science, shaping the way students and scholars understand these critically formative periods of scientific development. It reemerges here in a second edition that includes revisions on nearly every page, as well as several sections that have been completely rewritten. For example, the section on Islamic science has been thoroughly retooled to reveal the magnitude and sophistication of medieval Muslim scientific achievement. And the book now reflects a sharper awareness of the importance of Mesopotamian science for the development of Greek astronomy. In all, the second edition of "The Beginnings of Western Science" captures the current state of our understanding of more than two millennia of science and promises to continue to inspire both students and general readers. -- David C. Lindberg is the Hilldale Professor Emeritus of the History of Science at the University of Wisconsin - Madison and former president of the History of Science Society.
Contents:
* Preface
* 1. Science and Its Origins What Is Science?
Prehistoric Attitudes toward Nature Babylonian and Egyptian Science
* 2. The Greeks and the Cosmos
The World of Homer and Hesiod
The First Greek Philosophers
The Milesians and the Question of Ultimate Reality
The Problem of Change
The Problem of Knowledge Plato's World of Forms Plato's Cosmology
The Achievement of Early Greek Philosophy
* 3. Aristotle's Philosophy of Nature Life and Works Metaphysics and Epistemology Nature and Change Cosmology Motion
Terrestrial and Celestial Aristotle as a Biologist Aristotle's Achievement
* 4. Hellenistic Natural Philosophy Schools and Education
The Lyceum after Aristotle Epicureans and Stoics
* 5. The Mathematical Sciences in Antiquity
The Application of Mathematics to Nature Greek
Mathematics Early Greek Astronomy Cosmological
Developments Hellenistic Planetary Astronomy
The Science of Optics
The Science of Weights
* 6. Greek and Roman Medicine
Early Greek Medicine Hippocratic Medicine Hellenistic
Anatomy and Physiology Hellenistic
Medical Sects Galen and the Culmination of Hellenistic Medicine
* 7. Roman and Early Medieval Science
Greeks and Romans Popularizers and Encyclopedists Translations
The Role of Christianity Roman and Early Medieval Education
Two Early Medieval Natural Philosophers
* 8. Science in Islam Learning and Science in Byzantium
The Eastward Diffusion of Greek Science
The Birth, Expansion, and Hellenization of Islam Translation of Greek Science into Arabic
The Islamic Response to Greek Science
The Islamic Scientific Achievement
The Decline of Islamic Science
* 9. The Revival of Learning in the West
The Middle Ages Carolingian Reforms
The Schools of the Eleventh and Twelfth Centuries Natural Philosophy in the Twelfth-Century Schools
The Translation Movement
The Rise of Universities
* 10. The Recovery and Assimilation of Greek and Islamic Science
The New Learning Aristotle in the University Curriculum Points of Conflict Resolution
Science as Handmaiden Radical Aristotelianism and the Condemnations of 1270 and 1277
The Relations of Philosophy and Theology after 1277
* 11. The Medieval Cosmos
The Structure of the Cosmos
The Heavens
The Terrestrial Region
The Greek and Islamic Background to Western Astronomy
Astronomy in the West Astrology
* 12. The Physics of the Sublunar Region Matter, Form, and Substance Combination and Mixture Alchemy Change and Motion
The Nature of Motion
The Mathematical Description of Motion
The Dynamics of Local Motion
The Quantification of Dynamics
The Science of Optics
* 13. Medieval Medicine and Natural History
The Medical Tradition of the Early Middle Ages
The Transformation of Western Medicine Medical Practitioners
Medicine in the Universities Disease, Diagnosis, Prognosis, and Therapy Anatomy and Surgery Development of the Hospital Natural History
* 14. The Legacy of Ancient and Medieval Science
The Continuity Debate
The Medieval Scientific Achievement
- Matèries
- Història de la ciència
- Notes
- Ed. original: The Beginnings of Western Science: The European Scientific Tradition in Philosophical, Religious, and Institutional Context, 600 B. C. to A. D. 1450, Chicago, The University of Chicago Press, 1992, xviii + 455 pp. [trad. esp.: Los inicios de la ciencia occidental: la tradición científica europea en el contexto filosófico, religioso e institucional (desde el 600 a.C. hasta 1450), Barcelona - Buenos Aires - Mèxic, Paidós, 2002, 529 pp.].
Recensions:
* Carolyn Shapiro, a Journal of the History of Medicine and Allied Sciences, 49/1 (1994), 143-146 
- URL
- http://books.google.com/books?id=dPUBAkIm2lUC
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