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Darrera modificació: 2019-08-12
Bases de dades: Sciència.cat
Green, Monica H., "Rethinking the Manuscript Basis of Salvatore De Renzi's Collectio Salernitana: The Corpus of Medical Writings in the ‘Long' Twelfth Century", dins: Jacquart, Danielle - Paravicini Bagliani, Agostino, La ‘Collectio Salernitana' di Salvatore De Renzi, Florencia, SISMEL . Edizioni del Galluzzo (La Scuola medica Salernitana, 3), 2008, pp. 15-60.
- Resum
- Salvatore De Renzi's mid-19th century, five volume work, Collectio Salernitana ossia documenti inediti, e trattati di medicina appartenenti alla scuola medica salernitana, 5 vols, Naples 1852-1859, has stood for 150 years as the foundation for most understandings of what “Salernitan” medicine was in the 12th century. Yet that study was based on an essentially random survey of extant manuscripts (MSS) that had come to the notice of De Renzi or his collaborators. In many instances, no early MSS were known or consulted. This study presents preliminary results from a survey of all extant MSS dating from the “long” twelfth century (c. 1075-c. 1225) that contain Latin medical texts. Surveying the 375 MSS identified as of 2008, it is argued that four different corpora can be discerned. These largely circulated in separate patterns, which suggests that they came out of and reflected different centers of genesis.
These were: (1) the early medieval corpus: this includes texts of late antique and early medieval origin, including various epistulae ascribed to Hippocrates, works coming out of late antique North Africa (like Theodorus Priscianus, Vindician, Muscio), and Alexander of Tralles. These MSS tended to come out of peripheral centers (France, Germany, etc.). (2) The “eleventh-century Renaissance corpus”: under this rubric I put both new translations from the Greek (Paul of Aegina, Philaretus, Theophilus) and substantial re-editing of older Latin material (the Dioscorides alphabeticus, the adaptations of the old gynecological corpus as well as the new, abbreviated editions of the Metrodora text, De passionibus mulierum, and Gariopontus's mid-11th century Passionarius). MSS including these texts seemed only rarely to incorporate any of the older materials. (3) The Constantinian corpus: most of Constantine's corpus enjoyed fairly wide circulation in the 12th century, making it all the more notable that the Salernitans' embrace of him seems to have been late and slow. Although readily placed amid other texts of the 11th-century Renaissance, Constantine's works never seemed to be found with Salernitan texts until the end of the 12th century. (4) The Salernitan corpus: I differentiated between theoretical works (under which heading I mostly put the Articella commentaries), which circulate early and broadly, and the works of praxis, which almost universally show up only late in the century and then usually only in N. French and English copies. Exceptions to this pattern are the Practica of Bartholomeus and the Chirurgia of Roger Frugardi (which, I argue, is indeed associated with Salerno).
I argue that these findings throw into question the traditional tendency to connect all medical production of the central Middle Ages with Salerno. Of the 11th-century corpus, only Gariopontus's and Alfanus's works are demonstrably Salernitan. Moreover, I suggested that the still inadequately studied Antidotarium magnum was not necessarily of Salernitan origin but may have come from elsewhere in southern Italy. Finally, I concluded that other 11th- and 12th-century productions also merited analysis, including the anatomical and cautery series that resurfaced around this time, and such recent works as the ‘Macer floridus', De viribus herbarum. I also noted what was not on the list: any copies of Gerard of Cremona's (d. 1187) substantial medical output from Toledo, save for one copy of the Urtext of the Liber ad Almansorem (which might not be Gerard's work) and one copy of Avicenna's Canon. A Table was included listing all Salernitan texts whose earliest extant copies or attestations seemed to come from Anglo-Norman areas.
- Matèries
- Manuscrits
Medicina
- URL
- https://www.academia.edu/4706465/Monica_H._Green_Re ...
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